Prep the brisket: Trim excess hard fat from the brisket. Cut into even 1.5-inch cubes so they cook at the same rate.
Pat dry thoroughly with paper towels.
Mix the rub: In a bowl, stir together brown sugar, salt, black pepper, smoked paprika, garlic powder, onion powder, ground mustard, and cayenne (if using).
Season generously: Toss brisket cubes with oil, then coat with the rub. Make sure each piece is well covered—this crust becomes your bark.
Preheat the air fryer: Set to 375°F (190°C) for 5 minutes. A hot basket helps the exterior crisp quickly.
Arrange in the basket: Place brisket cubes in a single layer with a little space between. Do not overcrowd—cook in batches if needed.
Cook the first stage: Air fry at 375°F (190°C) for 18–22 minutes, shaking the basket or flipping the pieces halfway.
You’re looking for browning and some rendered fat, with an internal temperature around 180°F–190°F for tenderness.
Toss with sauce: In a clean bowl, toss the browned cubes with barbecue sauce. Add butter for a glossy finish if you like.
Finish for that sticky glaze: Return sauced cubes to the basket and cook at 350°F (175°C) for 6–10 minutes, shaking once. The sauce should thicken and cling, and the edges should be slightly charred and sticky.
Rest and serve: Let the burnt ends rest for 5 minutes.
The juices settle and the glaze sets. Serve with extra sauce on the side.